Since the first direct observation of gravitational waves in 2015, a new field of astronomy has fundamentally changed how the universe can be explored. A gravitational wave is a ripple in spacetime produced when two extremely dense objects, such as black holes or neutron stars, collide. The detectors that observe these signals now record hundreds … Read more
Sinking and suspended particles in seawater play a central role in biological and chemical cycling. Particles can be carried to the oceans from land by wind or river flows, stirred up from the ocean bottom by currents, formed from chemical reactions, and generated by organisms. Particles play multiple roles in biogeochemical cycling: by forming and … Read more
Scientific research today generates data at a scale and pace that far exceeds what most research institutions can manage on their own. Petabytes of measurements from telescopes, particle accelerators, weather sensors, and medical imaging systems sit in disconnected storage systems across the country, out of reach of many scientists who could use them to drive … Read more
Science has an unprecedented opportunity to explore astronomical and astrophysical phenomena through the complementary capabilities of multiple groundbreaking survey facilities. These include the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) at the Vera C. Reuben observatory, neutrino detectors like IceCube, and the gravitational wave detecting network formed by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) and … Read more
The rapid progress in Artificial Intelligence (AI) has expanded the capabilities of highly automated vehicles in many cities worldwide. These developments are paving the way for a future in which fully autonomous vehicles will handle all driving tasks, leaving humans as mere passengers. However, there are many driving situations that an automated system cannot handle … Read more
Abstract Cell cycle checkpoints are essential for maintaining genomic integrity, and their dysregulation is a hallmark of cancer. Among these, the G2-to-M transition is regulated by the kinase WEE1, which delays mitotic entry by phosphorylating and inactivating Cdk1. This modification prevents cell division under conditions of DNA damage or replication stress. Paradoxically, at the G2–M … Read more